Children or adolescents with ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) have one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. They may have difficulty paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (acting without thinking about the consequences), or they may be overly active. Although ADHD has no cure, it can be effectively managed. 

There are three different types of ADHD: 

• Inattention: Children have difficulty organizing, paying attention, finishing tasks, paying attention to details, or following instructions. They may be easily distracted or forget details of daily routines. 

• Hyperactivity and impulsiveness: The person moves and talks excessively. It is difficult for them to stay still for long periods of time (for example, while eating or doing schoolwork). Younger children may run, jump, or climb constantly. The person feels restless and has difficulty controlling impulsive behaviors. An impulsive person may interrupt others frequently, grab things that belong to others, or speak at inappropriate times. It is hard for the person to wait for their turn or listen to instructions. 

• Combined: Symptoms of the two previous types are present equally. 

Diagnosis 
The diagnostic process includes a medical evaluation, which may involve hearing and vision tests, to rule out other possible conditions. It is important for the professional conducting the evaluation to ask detailed questions about symptoms and the child’s developmental history, gathering information from parents, teachers, and, when appropriate, the child. 

Treatment 
In most cases, treatment includes a combination of behavioral therapy and medication. For children aged 4–5 years, behavioral therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment. It is important to emphasize that treatment is most effective when there is ongoing monitoring and active involvement from parents or caregivers. 

Recommendations 

• Help your child stay organized: school supplies, clothes, toys, and other items, so they are less likely to lose them. 

• Avoid distractions: turn off any electronic devices when doing schoolwork or household tasks. 

• Establish routines: try to follow a consistent daily schedule of activities. 

• Help your child discover their talents: identify areas where your child shows strengths, such as music, art, or sports. Success helps children feel confident and supports healthy self-esteem. 

Reference: 
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd